近期，蘭州軍區烏魯木齊總院藥劑科研究人員發表《自噬在腫瘤耐藥中的作用研究進展》研究，該文章發表於2015年3期的《國際藥學研究雜誌》上。

自噬是一種通過溶酶體途徑分解代謝細胞內組分的過程。在細胞應激狀態下，細胞通過自噬清除線粒體等損壞的細胞器和蛋白。在腫瘤發生發展的早期和晚期，自噬發揮的作用是不同的：腫瘤發生早期，自噬降低腫瘤原發性基因不穩定性和蛋白聚集，以及激發抗腫瘤性免疫應答;在成熟的腫瘤中，細胞通過自噬對營養不足以及細胞過度增殖所致的代謝應激產生抵抗。自噬不僅促進腫瘤細胞存活，在特殊條件下，也可導致腫瘤細胞自噬性細胞死亡。自噬性細胞死亡可增加發生凋亡的腫瘤細胞對輻射治療的敏感性。因此，腫瘤發生及腫瘤治療中自噬的作用是雙向的，需要更加深入的研究闡明自噬在腫瘤中發揮作用的詳細機製。本文對自噬在腫瘤細胞化療耐藥中發揮作用的研究進展進行綜述。

Abstract：

MacroAutophagyis a catabolic pathway that degrades cellular components through the lysosomal machinery. Autophagy acts as a survival mechanism under energy depletion-or nutrition deficiency-caused stress as an intracellular quality management system by clearing damaged organelles like mitochondria and proteins. During the early and late stages of cancer development, the role of autophagy differs. In the very early stages of carcinogenesis, autophagy has an important function by reducing cancer initiating genetic instability and aberrant protein aggregates as well as promoting anti-cancer immune response. In established malignant tumors autophagy confers resistance against metabolic stress caused by nutrient deprivation and the rapid proliferation of carcinoma cells. This function of autophagy is also important for radiation and chemotherapy resistance in cancer. Autophagy not only promotes the survival of tumor cells, but also, in special condition, leads to autophagic tumor cell death. During dysfunctional apoptosis this form of cell death mainly sensitizes cancer cells for therapy such as ionizing radiation. Therefore, the functions of autophagy during cancer progression and therapy are two-sided and further research is needed to understand them in greater detail. In this review, the regulation and the role of autophagy in cancer and chemotherapy resistance are discussed.