一篇刊登在國際雜誌the International Journal of Obesity上的研究論文中，來自賓州州立大學醫學院的研究者通過研究表示，對於重度吸煙者或肥胖的吸煙者，戒煙後其體重或許會增加更加厲害。
研究者表示，戒煙個體通常體重會不斷增加，但體重增加的量依賴於個體的情況，從幾磅到超過25磅不等；然而個體戒煙後影響其體重增加的因素目前研究人員並不清楚；研究者Susan Veldheer表示，很多吸煙者都關心戒煙後體重的增加問題，因此這個問題往往也成為其選擇是否戒煙的一道屏障，因此當個體戒煙後鑒別出引發戒煙者體重增加的原因對於有效改善患者的戒煙情況或將帶來一定幫助。
文章中，研究者進行了一項美國國民健康調查，包括對1.2萬非吸煙者、吸煙者以及曾經吸煙者進行了健康調查分析，在重度吸煙者（23磅）或戒煙前肥胖（16磅）的個體中，戒煙會導致個體體重發生明顯增加。盡管這表麵看起來似乎是體重的增加問題，但對於所有的吸煙者而言他們或許會記住戒煙是他們維護健康的一個重要的事情。
對於重度吸煙者和肥胖吸煙者，戒煙同時采取一些維持健康生活方式的行動來控製體重或許是明智的選擇，在每天吸煙低於15根的吸煙者中，其戒煙和保持吸煙對於個體10年期間的體重增加或許並無差異。
本文研究對於關心體重增加的適度吸煙的個體也非常重要，這意味著從長遠角度而言，戒煙或許並不會對這些個體帶來明顯的影響。
doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.127
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Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003–2012
S Veldheer, J Yingst, J Zhu and J Foulds
Background/Objectives: Weight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit. Subjects/Methods: In all, 12 204 adults greater than or equal to36 years old were selected from the 2003–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ten-year weight gain for never, continuing and former smokers (who quit 1–10 years ago) was calculated by body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago and cigarettes per day (CPD). SCA weight gain was calculated by taking the difference between the adjusted mean 10-year weight gain of former smokers and that of continuing smokers. Results: Mean 10-year weight gain among continuing smokers was 3.5 versus 8.4 kg among former smokers; the SCA weight gain was 4.9 kg. After Bonferroni correction, there was no significant difference in overall weight gain between continuing and former smokers of 1–14 CPD, and SCA weight gain was lowest in this group (2.0 kg, confidence interval (CI): 0.3, 3.7). SCA weight gain was highest for former smokers of greater than or equal to25 CPD (10.3 kg, CI: 7.4, 13.2) and for those who were obese (7.1 kg, CI: 2.9, 11.3) mostly because of lower than average weight gain or weight loss among continuing smokers in these groups. Conclusions: In a current, nationally representative sample, baseline BMI and CPD were important factors that contributed to the magnitude of long-term weight gain following smoking cessation. Light to moderate smokers (<15 CPD) experienced little SCA weight gain, whereas heavy smokers (greater than or equal to25 CPD) and those who were obese before quitting experienced the most.
